Posted by Kibu on April 18, 2023 
I would imagine Alco never expected the RS1 design to become so popular (to the point of copycats and similar designs) in Russia.
Posted by Alexandr Zaleskiy on April 18, 2023 
I guess Alco looked at the design in Russia and made a similar one for themselves
Posted by Kibu on April 27, 2023 
Goes the other way around Alexandr. Alco sent several RS1's over to Russia as part of the Lend-Lease agreement around WW2. Russia fell in love with them and started making them under license. Even after the cold war started, and that license had expired, the Russian builders never stopped.
Posted by Alexandr Zaleskiy on May 2, 2023 
In 1945, 70 ALCO RS-1 diesel locomotives were sent under Lend-Lease to the USSR, where they received the designation of the "??" series. It is a six-axle version of the RS-1 diesel locomotive. In 1947, the production of diesel locomotives of the "??1" series began in the USSR, which were a copy of the "??" diesel locomotives. Diesel locomotives were operated for about 40 years. The largest number of diesel locomotives of the "??" series was excluded from the inventory of the USSR railways in the 80s. On my photo locomotive TGM4. He is not a copy of ALCO RS-1 (??, ??1). There may be a resemblance. TGM4 is a four-axle diesel locomotive with hydromechanical transmission, designed at the Lyudinovsky Diesel Locomotive Plant on the basis of TGM3 and TGM6A diesel locomotives (1971-1989).
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